Introduction to Chemical Engineering-I

A: Unit operations are fundamental physical or chemical steps such as mixing, heating, distillation, filtration, and drying, that constitute chemical processes. Chemical engineers study unit operations to design and optimize entire production systems by combining these basic steps. The concept helps simplify complex manufacturing into manageable sections. An excellent resource to understand unit operations is the textbook 'Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering' by McCabe, Smith, and Harriott, and online summaries like https://www.chemeurope.com/en/encyclopedia/Unit_operation.html

A: A batch process involves processing materials in discrete batches, where the operation starts and stops after a specific quantity is produced. It is flexible and suited for small-scale or specialty products. In contrast, a continuous process runs non-stop, with raw materials constantly fed and products continuously removed, ideal for large-scale production. Each has advantages and limitations with respect to cost, control, and product quality. More insights are available at: https://www.chemengonline.com/batch-vs-continuous-processing/

A: Thermodynamics provides the principles governing energy transformations and the direction of chemical reactions and physical changes. Chemical engineers use thermodynamics to predict phase behavior, reaction equilibrium, energy requirements, and efficiency of processes. Understanding thermodynamics is crucial for designing reactors, separation units, and energy systems in plants. For an in-depth overview, see: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/chemical-engineering/10-40-thermodynamics-spring-2006/

A: Chemical engineering is a branch of engineering that combines principles of chemistry, physics, mathematics, and biology to design, optimize, and operate processes that transform raw materials into valuable products. Chemical engineers work in industries such as petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, food processing, and materials manufacturing. They develop processes for large-scale manufacturing, ensure safety and sustainability, and improve efficiency. For further reading, you can visit the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) website: https://www.aiche.org/